Padlock



Jan. 12, 1932. J. G. SAB@ 1,840,469

PADLOCK Filed Nov. 6, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet l JUL/Us G. Sfr/B0 .1. G. SABOJan. l2, 1932.

PADLOCK 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Nov. 6, 19:50

5559.11. i u u gwntoc JUL/us 6. v54,90,

akten/mq Patented Jan. 12, 1932 NETED STATES ATENT orties JULIUS G.SABO, CCE' MANHEIFI, PENNSYLVANA, ASSIGNOB.' TO THE SLAYMAKFR LOCKCOMPANY, OF LANCASTER, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIAPADLOCK Application led November 6, 1930. Serial N0. 493,861.

This invention relates to padlocks and aims to provide an improved andnovel lock of a construction giving weight, strength and greatsturdiness thereto against breakage.

As it will be best understood by description applied to illustrationthereof, further statement and explanation will be made with referenceto the attached drawings showing one `practicable embodiment of theinvention in the form of a padlock.

In said dra-wings:

Fig. 1 is an end elevation of the embodiment;

Fig. 2 is a sectional side elevation thereof in locked position,lwithparts broken a way Fig. 3 is a sectional side elevation in unlockedposition, with parts broken away;

Fig. l is a plan view of the top of the lock;

Fig. 5 is an elevation of the reverse side of the lock with casing shellremoved;

Fig. 6 is an elevation of one end of the lock with casing shell removed;

Fig. 7 is an elevation of the opposite end of the lock with said shellremoved;

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary section taken on the line 8 8 of Fig. 2, with apart broken away;

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary section taken on the line 9--9 of Fig. 3, with apart broken away;

Fig. 10 is an elevation of an operative element in side and opposite endviews;

Fig. 11 is an elevation of' another operative part in side and one endviews; and

Fig. 12 is a perspective fragmentary view of a part of the locking pieceor shackle.

In the illustrative lock, a substantially solid body-member or casting13 provides the casing proper and contains all the working elements.This casting is fitted non-removably into a shell 14 which therewithcompletes the casing. A neat complementary lit of the two is desirablyeffected by forming the casting with end shoulders 18a abutting theupper edge of the shell and forming the shell with side wing-portions14a pressed over the top of the casting into corresponding recesses withouter surfaces flush, as indicated in Fig. 1 and shown clearly in Fig.

4. If the line of joinderf therebetween is sealed to make insertion of atool for separation impossible, the usual binder rivets may beeliminated altogether. For added attraction of appearance, this completecasing may be plated with nickel or chromium and highly polished.

From said casing extends the locking piece, in this instance comprisinga U-shaped shackle formedk in two parts, 15 and 16, of which thefirst-named is the main and longer. This part (15) is swiveled and alsoslidable longitudinally for a limited extent in the casing or castingpart thereof. The other part (16)` is merely slidable axially thereinfor a limited extent. The two parts are engageable together at a pointjust outside or beyond the top face of the casing by a complementaryrecessing of their free ends, as represented in several figures,particularly Fig. 6. `When disengaged, said main part may swivel toswing its free end away from the other part laterally to the casing.

A snap action in such swing of the part is occasioned by tension of aspring 1S thereon, having one end fixed to said part and its i other endfastened in the casting while also bearing against an overlying wall ofthe latter. Being thus put under expansive as well as torsional tension,this spring acts continuously and with considerable force to draw thepart down or inwardly of the casing, in addition to swinging its freeend around when released from said other part. A projection or lug 19thereon serves to limit the swing by abutting a shoulder 20 (see Fig. Y)on the casting. Said projection also prevents swing of the part for apredetermined extent of outward or lift movement, by bearing againstanother shoulder or wall surface 21 of the casting (see Fig. 5).Accordingly, the main part of the shackle must be moved outwardly of thecasing for a certain distance before it can swing free, this distancebeing dependent upon the distance or extent its free end is drawn intothe easing under the action of the aforesaid spring.

The other part of the shackle carries a spring 22 working thereonagainst an underlying wall of the casting to push it up or outwardly.The tension ofv this spring is measurably less than that of the firstmentioned spring on the main part of the shackle, so as not to counteror appreciably resist the indrawing force of the former, but to beitself counteracted when the free end of said main part is brought tobear upon this other part by engagement therewith. A projection or pin23 on said other part serves to prevent rotation and keep its projeotiveend always l1n engageable relation tothe main parts free end,vbymovement in a guide slot 24 in the casting.

From the foregoing it will be understood that when the two parts of theshackle are engaged together, the spring (18) on the main part draws itdown or inwardly of the casting against the lesser tension of the spring(22) on the other part, with the joint therebetween inside the casingconcealed from view and the projection (19) on said main part bearingagainst the swing-blocking shoulder or surface (21) lof the casting, asshown in Fig. 5. In this position, the two parts are locked securely bymeans operable Vto raise the shackles main part against the tension ofits spring sufhciently to bring the joint with the other part outsidethe casing and said projection thereon just above the top edge of thelatters bearing surface, whereup-on it releases by action of said springin a snap swing, bringing its projection against the limiting shoulderas shown in Fig. 7.

Said means comprises a cam element 25 (see Fig. 10) journaled in thecasting in lateral relation to the swiveled portion of the main shacklepart. This element is turnable in one direction through a smallrotational arc against the tensi-on of a spring 26 connected to returnor partially return it to normal position. An eccentric 27 thereof,formed by a projection or roller works between shoulder portions -of theaforesaid vshackle part so as to act on the latter in oppositedirections. Such shoulders are in this i. instance provided by a recessor segmental cut-out 28 (see Fig. 12) near the bottom end of the part,into which the eccentric projects.

Said eccentric is disposed to lie near bottom dead center when the camelement is in normal position with said shackle part engaged and drawninwardly of the casing, so that any attempt to pull or force the shackleoutwardly will bring its lower shoulder up against the yeccentricwithout turning `effect upon the cam element, which accordingly blocksfurther movement and jams or locks the part tightly (see Fig. 2). It isunnecessary for the eccentric to pass beyond or even to bottom deadcenter in order to vive this effect to the cam element, because ittliasbeen found that a pull on the shackle will not translate rotation tosaid element if the eccentric is anywhere near the bottom center.Greater security is assured however by having it very close to or pastdead center, so

that any turning yeffect on the cam element will be in directionopposite to that in which it may turn. A spacer 29 limits inwardmovement of the shackle part to a point of easy operation with the camelement.

When the cam element is turned in proper direction by the actuatingmeans therefor, the eccentric as so disposed will bear under the uppershoulder of the shackle part and raise or move the same outwardlyagainst its spring tension suliiciently for release as above described.This turn movement is effected in this instance by a key-barrel 30 offamiliar construction embodying springpressed tumblers 31 workingthrough its side. These tumblers normally project into a recess 32 inthe casting to prevent turning, but recede into the barrel as the properkey is inserted, so that it may be turned thereby in one direction. Saidbarrel has a segmental lug 33 on its inner end adapted to engage behinda similar lug 34 on the aforesaid cam element, whereby a turn of theformer will cause a turning of the latter in proper direction and forthe necessary extent to raise the shackle parts to releasement (compareFigs. 2 and The sectional Figures 8 and illustrate this action, in whichthe segmental lugs of the two elements describe a quarter turn. Aturning in the Wrong direction is further prevented by a ridge' at theouter end of the barrel abutting a shoulder 36 in the casting, while theturn is limited by said ridge abutting the wall of the recess 32. A key37 for operating the barrel is shown admitted through the usual keyguide 88 therein.

After turning to release the shackle, the return spring (26) on the camelement will of course cause the latter to return or partially returnthe barrel therewith to normal position by reverse action of theirengaging lugs. vWhether then returned all the way or not, the shackleworking upon the Veccentric of said element will force both back when itis drawn inwardly by its spring on snapping snut.

While the operation is believed to be obvious from the foregoingdescription, it may facilitate understanding to here make explanation.Assuming the shackle to be in the locked position shown in Fig. 2, thekey is inserted into the barrel and in so doing moves the tumblersinwardly thereof from the recess 32 to permit turning. On turning thebarrel by the key in clockwise direction (as indicated by the arrow inFig. 6), the segmental lug 33, after take-up of a certain amount ofplay, will engage behind the coi'- responding lug 34v of the cam elementand turn the latter against the tension of its return spring so as toswing its eccentric upwardly. This movement causes the eccentric to bearunder the upper shoulder (at the recess 28) in the main part of theshackle and raise the same against the tension of its spring, with thelug 19` thereon bearing against the swing-blocking surface 21, therebycompressing the last mentioned spring.

As the shackle part is thus raised, it carries the other part therewith,assisted by the tension ot the latters spring 22 until the jointtherebetween is outside or just beyond the top surface of the casing, asindicated by dotted lines in Fig. 7. Simultaneously, the aforesaid lugot the main shackle part rides oil and slightlyA above theswing-blocking surface, thereby releasing the part to swing out otengagement with the other part under the torsional tension of itsspring, with said lug almtting the shoulder 20 in limit of the rllieparts will then be in the position shown in Fig. 3, whereupon the spring2G on the cam element will return or partially return said element andthe barrel to normal position with relaxing of tension on the key andthe aforesaid lugwill come to rest upon the ledge between shoulders 2Oand 2l of the casting, thus preventing the shackle part from beingpushed inwardily while in the laterally swung position. The threestagesof the shackles movement are she in Fig. 6, wherein the locked positionis indicated by the dot and dash lines, the extreme outward movement isindicated by the dotted lines and the intermediate position is shown infull lines. The three stages Vot its lugs movement are similarlyrepresented in Fig. 5.

rlhus tie shackle is released by the combined action of the cam elementand its spring 18, the latter of which works against the other except inlateral swing of the shackle. lllhen the main shackle part is swung backinto engagement with the other part. said spring acts to draw both partsinwardly of the .casing and simultaneously drive the cam element andactuating barrel back to their normal positions it not fully returned bythe spring 26.

@ne the advantages of this construction that only one hand is requiredto operate the lock either in unlocking or locking. To `elock, it isnecessary only to swing` the casto bring the tree end of the mainshackle into alinement with the other part, causes the two to engage andthe g i8 immediately acts to draw both i in the casing. Either theshackle or the casing may be swung for this purpose.

lt will be obvious that va 1ions modications or changes in the form andarrangement of the parts with different combinations andslib-combinations may be made without departin j from the scope ot thisinvention. For example, the secondary part of the shackle may beeliminated and the same resnlt obtained with only the main J-shaped partet the shackle, or a lock mechanism other than the key barrel might beused for operating the cam element. Accordingly,

the appended claims are not intended to limit the invention to thespecific construction shown. f

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. A lock comprising a casing, a shacklebolt projecting from said casingand axially movable therein, a rotatable member located within saidcasing and having locking means normally engaged and movable with saidshackle-bolt, said locking means being constructed to normally resist anoutwardly applied axial pull upon the shackle-bolt while said bolt is inits innermost position, means normally acting to impart inward axialmovement to said shackle-bolt so as to lock the same, and means formoving said locking member to a position permitting outward movement ofthe shackle-bolt.

2. A lock comprising a casing, a shacklebolt projecting from andslidable in the casing, means tending to draw said bolt into the casing,a turnable member having an eccentric engaging with opposing abutmentsof the bolt so as to wedge the same against withdrawal by pull when innormal position and to move the bolt outwardly against the indrawingtorce of the first-named means when turned from said position, means forturning said member from normal position by turn-movement of anappliable key, and mea-ns tending to return the member to normalposition after the turning therefrom.

3. A lock comprising a casing, a shacklebolt projecting from andslidable into the casing, means tending to draw the bolt therewithin, arotatable element having an eccentric engaging with the bolt normally ina substantially dead-center positon so as to hold it against withdrawalby pull but acting thereon to move it outwardly against the indrawingforce of the irst-named means when rotated in one direction, means forrotating said element in said one direction by action of an appliablekey, and means tending to return the element to its dead-center positionafter rotation therefrom.

4l. A lock comprising a casing, a shacklebolt projecting from and bothslidable and turnable in the casing to release, means tending to drawand also to turn said bolt within the casing, means preventing any turnthereof until it is moved outwardly a predetermined distance, arotatable member having an eccentric engaging with the bolt so as, in anormally dead-center position against a part thereof, to hold it bywedge-like action against withdrawal by pull but moving it outwardlyagainst the indrawing tendency of the first-named means when forciblyrotated from said position, a key-barrel adapted to rotate said, memberin direction to move the bolt outwardly by action of an inserted key,and means tending-to return the member to its dead-center the rotationtherefrom.

5. A lock comprising a casing, a lockingbolt projecting from and bothslidable and turnable in the casing to release, a spring tensioned todraw and also to turn said bolt in the casing, means including a lug onthe bolt bearing against a part of the casing for preventing any turnthereof until moved outwardly a predetermined distance and then limitingthe ent-ent of the turn, a rotatable member having an eccentric engagedwith the bolt in a normally substantially deadcenter position wedginglyholding it against withdrawal by pull but acting thereon to move itoutwardly against the indrawing tension of said spring when rotated inone direction, a key-barrel having an eccentric projection engaging insaid member for rotating the same in said one direction by action of anappliable key, and a spring tensioned to return the member to itsdead-center position after rotation therefrom.

6. In a lool; including a casing and a sliding staple projectingtherefrom, a spring on one arm ofthe staple tensioned to draw it inward,a spring tensioned under the other arm of the staple with an outwardforcing action, and a rotatable member having an eccentric engaging oneof the arms so as in a substantially dead-center position in relationthereto to lock the staple against pull withdrawal; said locking beingagainst the position after tension of one of said springs and aided b-ythe tension of the other.

7. In a lock including` a casing and a sliding staple projectingtherefrom, a spring on one arm of the staple tensioned to draw it inwardand to swing its other arm free upon ejected release, a spring under theother arm of the staple tending to force it outwardly, a rotatablemember having an eccentric engaging the inst-mentioned arri of thestaple so as in a substantially dead-center position to lock the sameagainst pull withdrawal assisted by the tension of one of said springsand opposed by the tension of the other, and key-actuated means forrotating said member from the dead-center locking position.

8. In a lock including a casing and a sliding staple projectingtherefrom, a spring on one arm of the staple tensioned to draw it inwardand to swing its other arm fre-e upon ejected release, a springtensioned under the other arm of the staple with an outward forceaction, a rotatable member having an eccentric engaging thefirst-mentioned arm' of the staple so as in a substantially deadcenterposition to lock the same against pullwithdrawal assisted by the tensionof one of said springs and opposed by the tension of the other, akey-barrel having an eccentric projection engaging in said member forrotating the same from the dead-center locking position by action of anappliable key,

and a spring tensioned to return the member to said position.

9. A lock embodying a casing and a sliding staple projecting therefrom,a spring on one arml of the staple tensioned to draw it inward and toswing its other arm free upon ejected release, a spring under the otherarm of the staple tending to force it outwardly, a rotatable memberhaving an eccentric engaged with the irstmentioned arm of the stapleserving to lock the same against withdrawal by pull when in asubstantially deadcenter position and to move it 'outwardly when turnedfrom said position, key-actuated means for rotating said member in onedirection and means tending to return the member to its dead-centerposition after rotation therefrom; the staple being released by combinedactions of the rotatable member and both of said springs and thefirst-named thereof acting against the other to simultaneously impel thestaple and said member with its key-actuating means back to lockingposition when the staple is swung back to close.

In testimony whereof I aliX my signature.

JULIUS G. SABO.

